关于春节的那些英语
2016-01-12 14:47
来源:
作者:俞霈迪
Spring Festival falls on February 8th this year. The holiday in China starts from February 8th to February 13th. It is the Year of the Monkey according to Chinese zodiac。
2016年农历春节是2月8号。这次春节假期从2月8日延续到2月13日。根据中国生肖算法,2016年是猴年。
Chinese Spring Festival, also called Lunar New Year, has more than 4,000 years of history. Being one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it is the grandest and the most important festival for Chinese people. It is also the time for the whole families to get together, which is similar with Christmas Day to the westerners. Originating during the Shang Dynasty (about 17th - 11th century BC), Spring Festival, which celebrates family reunion, is full of rich and colorful activities, and hopes with the advent of spring and flowers blossoming. People from different regions and different ethnic groups celebrate it in their unique ways。
中国的春节,也被称为农历新年,迄今已有四千多年的历史。对于中国人来说,这是规模最大,最重要的传统节日。就如同西方的圣诞节一样,春节是一家团聚的日子。春节起源于商朝(公元前11-17世纪),为了庆祝全家团圆和表达对春暖花开的期盼,节日期间会准备丰富多彩的活动。不同地区和不同少数民族人们会用自己独特的方式庆祝这一传统节日。
History 节日由来
It is said that the custom of Spring Festival started in when people offered sacrifice to ancestors in the last month of Chinese lunar calendar. At that time, people prepared the sacrifice by doing thorough cleaning, having bathes and so on. Later, people began to worship different deities as well on that day. It is the time that almost all the farm works were done and people have free time. The sacrificing time changed according to the farming schedule and was not fixed until the Han Dynasty (202BC-220AD). The customs of worshipping deities and ancestors remains even though the ceremonies are not as grand as before. It is also the time that spring is coming, so people held all kinds of ceremonies to welcome it。
据说,春节起初源于人们在农历腊月祭祀先祖,在那期间,人们为了祭祀会做大扫除,沐浴换衣等等。后来人们开始在那一天敬奉神明。春节期间正好各种农耕活动结束,人们有空余时间。最开始的祭祀日期由于农耕活动并不固定,直到汉朝(公元前202年-公元220年)才固定下来。祭祀神明和先祖的传统延续下来,但并不像以前那样浩大。春节也是春天的开始,所以人们会举办各种仪式迎接春天的到来。
Legends 节日传说
There are many legends about Spring Festival in Chinese culture. In folk culture, it is also called “guonian” (meaning “passing a year”). It is said that the “nian” (year) was a strong monster which was fierce and cruel and ate one kind of animal including human being a day. Human beings were scared about it and had to hide on the evening when the “nian” came out. Later, people found that “nian” was very scared about the red color and fireworks. So after that, people use red color and fireworks or firecrackers to drive away “nian”. As a result, the custom of using red color and setting off fireworks remains。
中国文化中有很多关于春节的传说。在传统文化中,春节亦被称为“过年”。传说“年”是一种凶猛异常的怪物,每天都会吃一种动物(包括人)。人们非常惧怕他,当“年”夜间出来活动时,人们会找地方躲起来。后来,人们发现“年”非常害怕红色和爆竹,于是,人们用红色和鞭炮来驱赶“年”。久而久之,春节用大红色和放鞭炮的习俗就保留了下来。
Customs 传统习俗
Every family does a thorough house cleaning and purchases enough food, including fish, meat, roasted nuts and seeds, all kinds of candies and fruits, etc, for the festival period. Also, new clothes must be bought, especially for children. Red scrolls with complementary poetic couplets, one line on each side of the gate, are pasted at every gate. The Chinese character \'Fu\' is pasted on the center of the door and paper-cut pictures adorn windows。
过年期间,每家每户都会做大扫除,购买丰富的食物,包括鱼肉坚果,水果糖果等。另外,春节必须买新衣服,尤其是给小孩子购买。门上贴上新对联和福字,窗户上还要贴上窗花。
Taboos 节日禁忌
The Spring Festival is a start for a new year, so it is regarded as the omen of a year. People have many taboos during this period. Many bad words related to “death”, “broken”, “killing”, “ghost” and “illness” or “sickness” are forbidden during conversations. In some places, there are more specific details. They consider it unlucky if the barrel of rice is empty, because they think they will have nothing to eat in the next year. Taking medicine is forbidden on this day, otherwise, people will have sick for the whole year and take medicine constantly。
春节是新的一年的开始,预示着一年的运气,所以过年期间有很多禁忌,比如“死”“破”“杀”“鬼”“病”这类字眼是谈话中要避免的。在某些地方还有一些特殊的禁忌,比如新年米缸空了不是好兆头,因为这预示着新的一年将没东西吃,春节那天也不能吃药,这会预示着新的一年疾病产生,医药不断。
Festival Food 节日美食
Food during this happy event has its characteristics, which is the representative of Chinese festival food culture. Dumplings and the reunion dinner are indispensable at this time. Cold and hot dishes are all served. Fish is always an important dish then, which expresses people’s hope of having a wealthy year。
春节期间的食物也很有特色,代表着中国传统饮食文化,饺子和团圆饭是不可或缺的,冷盘热菜都得上,鱼也是春节一道重要的菜肴,它代表了人们年年有余的期望。
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